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 left:STS108-715-4 Image courtesy of the Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center. http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov Savai'i With its 1820 km sq area of land Savai'i is the largest island in the Samoa Archipelago. The highest point of the island is the 1860 m high Mt. Silisili in the island's centre. The island is, like the whole samoan archipelago, of vulcanic origin. The vulcanic activity is still going on, the last eruption was between 1902 and 1911. |
 left:Black sand beaches are typical for geologically young islands like Savai'i. Photo: Angela K. Keppler http://www.pbif.org |
| Flora of Savai'i (incomplete) (fat = endemic, green = pictures) Abrodictyum asae-grayi, Abrodictyum dentatum, Abrus precatorius, Abutilon whistleri, Acacia simplex, Acrosorus reineckei, Acrostichum aureum, Adenostemma viscosum, Adiantum diaphanum, Adiantum philippense, Aglaia samoensis, Agrostophyllum megalurum, Aidia racemosa, Alectryon samoensis, Allophylus timoriensis, Alphitonia zizyphoides, Alpinia samoensis, Alsophila plagiostegia, Alsophila tahitensis, Alstonia costata, Alyxia bracteolosa, Alyxia erythrosperma, Alyxia septangularis, Alyxia stellata, Amyema artensis, Anacolosa insularis, Angiopteris evecta, Angiopteris opaca, Antidesma excavatum, Antirhea inconspicua, Antrophyum plantagineum, Antrophyum reticulatum, Antrophyum subfalcatum, Appendicula bracteosa, Arachniodes aristata, Aristolochia cortinata, Arthropteris palisotii, Arthropteris repens, Arytera brackenridgei, Arytera samoensis, Ascarina diffusa, Asplenium amboinense, Asplenium caudatum, Asplenium cuneatum, Asplenium excisum, Asplenium insiticium, Asplenium laserpitiifolium, Asplenium lobulatum, Asplenium macraei, Asplenium marattioides, Asplenium nidus, Asplenium polyodon, Asplenium shuttleworthianum, Asplenium tenerum, Asplenium unilaterale, Astronidium navigatorum, Astronidium samoense, Astronidium subcordatum, Athyrium oosorum, Baccaurea taitensis, Balaka brachychlamys, Balaka minuta, Balaka samoensis, Balaka tuasivica, Barringtonia asiatica, Barringtonia samoensis, Belvisia mucronata, Bischofia javanica, Blechnum chambersii, Blechnum orientale, Blechnum procerum, Blechnum vulcanicum, Boehmeria virgata, Boerhavia acutifolia, Botrychium daucifolium, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Buchanania merrillii, Bulbophyllum betchei, Bulbophyllum ebulbe, Bulbophyllum longiflorum, Bulbophyllum longiscapum, Bulbophyllum membranaceum, Bulbophyllum pachyanthum, Bulbophyllum samoanum, Bulbophyllum savaiense, Bulbophyllum trachyanthum, Burckella richii, Caesalpinia bonduc, Caesalpinia major, Calanthe alta, Calanthe hololeuca, Calanthe triplicata, Calanthe ventilabrum, Callistopteris apiifolia, Calophyllum inophyllum, Calophyllum neo-ebudicum, Calycosia sessilis, Calymmodon latealatus, Canarium vitiense, Canavalia rosea, Canavalia sericea, Canthium merrillii, Capparis cordifolia, Carex graeffeana, Carex maculata, Carex savaiiensis, Cassytha filiformis, Cayratia acuminata, Cenchrus calyculatus (ex), Centosteca lappacea (?), Cephalomanes boryanum, Cerbera manghas, Chamaesyce fosbergii, Chariessa samoensis, Chionanthus vitiensis, Cinnamomum elegans, Citronella samoensis, Claoxylon echinospermum, Claoxylon samoense, Clerodendrum inerme, Clinostigma samoense, Clinostigma warburgii, Cocos nucifera, Coelogyne lycastoides, Collospermum samoense, Colubrina asiatica, Commersonia bartramia, Coniogramme fraxinea, Coprosma savaiiensis, Coprosma strigulosa, Cordia aspera, Cordia subcordata, Coriaria ruscifolia, Corymborkis veratrifolia, Crateva religiosa, Crepidium reineckeanum, Crepidium resupinatum, Crepidium tetralobum, Crepidomanes assimilis, Crepidomanes bipunctatum, Crepidomanes humile, Crepidomanes intermedium, Crepidomanes samoensis, Crepidomanes saxifragoides, Crossostylis biflora, Cryptocarya samoensis, Cryptostylis arachnites, Ctenopterella lepida, Cupaniopsis samoensis, Cyathea decurrens, Cyathea scabra, Cyclophyllum barbatum, Cyclosorus attenuatus, Cyclosorus bryanii, Cyclosorus costatus, Cyclosorus harveyi, Cyclosorus interruptus, Cyclosorus parasitica, Cyclosorus reineckei, Cyclosorus transversarius, Cyclosorus vaupelii, Cyperus javanicus, Cyperus seemannianus, Cyperus stoloniferus, Cypholophus macrocephalus var. mollis, Cyrtandra aurantiicarpa, Cyrtandra campanulata, Cyrtandra compressa, Cyrtandra falcifolia, Cyrtandra godeffroyi, Cyrtandra gurkeana, Cyrtandra hufnagelii, Cyrtandra labiosa, Cyrtandra nitens, Cyrtandra nudiflora, Cyrtandra pogonantha, Cyrtandra richii, Cyrtandra samoensis, Cyrtandra vaupelii, Davallia denticulata var. elata, Davallia graeffei, Davallia plumosa, Davallia solida, Decaisnina forsteriana, Decaspermum fruticosum, Dendrobium biflorum, Dendrobium calcaratum, Dendrobium catillare, Dendrobium dactylodes, Dendrobium lepidochilum, Dendrobium mohlianum, Dendrobium reineckei, Dendrobium samoense, Dendrobium sladei, Dendrobium vagans, Dendrocnide harveyi, Dendrolobium umbellatum, Dennstaedtia flaccida, Dennstaedtia samoensis, Dennstaedtia scandens, Deparia petersenii ssp. congrua, Derris trifoliata, Dicksonia brackenridgei, Dicliptera samoensis, Dicranopteris linearis, Didymoplexis micradenia, Diospyros elliptica, Diospyros elliptica var. savaiiensis, Diospyros major, Diospyros samoensis, Diplaziopsis javanica, Diplazium bulbiferum, Diplazium dilatatum, Diplazium harpeodes, Diplazium proliferum, Diplocaulobium fililobum, Dodonaea viscosa, Doryopteris concolor, Drymophloeus whitmeeanus, Drynaria rigidula, Dryopteris arborescens, Dryopteris dissecta, Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum, Dysoxylum huntii, Dysoxylum maota, Dysoxylum samoense, Earina valida, Elaeocarpus magnifolius, Elaeocarpus tonganus, Elaeocarpus tuasivicus, Elaeocarpus ulianus, Elaphoglossum callifolium, Elaphoglossum samoense, Elaphoglossum savaiense, Elatostema basiandrum, Elatostema cupreo-viride, Elatostema funkii, Elatostema grandifolium, Elatostema nigrescens, Elatostema obliquefolium, Elatostema ramosissimum, Elatostema samoense, Elatostema strictum, Elatostema urvilleanum, Elattostachys apetala, Eleocharis dulcis, Embelia vaupelii, Endiandra elaeocarpa, Entada phaseoloides, Epiblastus sciadanthus, Epipremnum pinnatum, Eria kingii, Eria robusta, Eria rostriflora, Erythrina fusca, Erythrina variegata, Erythrodes oxyglossa, Etlingera cevuga, Eugenia reinwardtiana, Euphorbia reineckei, Eurya japonica var. ?, Fagraea berteroana, Faradaya amicorum, Ficus ciliata, Ficus godeffroyi, Ficus graeffei, Ficus longecuspidata, Ficus prolixa, Ficus samoensis, Ficus tinctoria, Ficus uniauriculata, Fimbristylis cymosa ssp. umbellatocapitata, Fimbristylis dichotoma, Flacourtia rukam, Flagellaria gigantea, Flickingeria comata, Flueggea flexuosa, Freycinetia arborea, Freycinetia hombronii, Freycinetia reineckei, Freycinetia samoensis, Freycinetia storckii, Gardenia maugaloae, Gardenia taitensis, Garuga floribunda, Geniostoma biseriale, Geniostoma rupestre, Geodorum densiflorum, Gironniera celtidifolia, Glochidion christophersenii, Glochidion ramiflorum var. samoanum, Glomera montana, Goniophlebium subauriculatum, Goodyera rubicunda, Grammitis samoensis, Grammitis vaupelii, Grewia crenata, Guettarda speciosa, Gynochthodes epiphytica, Gyrocarpus americanus, Habenaria monogyne, Habenaria samoensis, Haplolobus floribundus ssp. salomonensis, Haplopteris rigida var. samoensis, Haplopteris scolopendrina, Harpullia mellea, Hedycarya denticulata, Heliotropium foertherianum, Heritiera ornithocephala, Hernandia moerenhoutiana ssp. samoensis, Hernandia nymphaeifolia, Hetaeria oblongifolia, Hetaeria whitmeei, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Histiopteris incisa, Homalanthus acuminatus, Homalanthus nutans, Homalium acuminatum, Homalium whitmeeanum, Hoya attenuata, Hoya australis ssp. tenuipes, Hoya betchei, Hoya chlorantha, Hoya chlorantha var. tutuilensis, Hoya diptera, Hoya filiformis, Hoya pubescens, Hoya pycnophylla, Hoya samoensis, Hoya upoluensis, Hoya vitiensis, Hoya whistleri, Huperzia phyllantha, Huperzia serrata, Huperzia squarrosa, Hymenophyllum dilatatum, Hymenophyllum feejeense, Hymenophyllum flabellatum, Hymenophyllum imbricatum, Hymenophyllum pallidum, Hymenophyllum polyanthos, Hymenophyllum praetervisum, Hymenophyllum samoense, Hypolepis aspidioides, Hypolepis tenuifolia, Imperata conferta, Imperata cylindrica, Inocarpus fagifer, Intsia bijuga, Ipomoea indica, Ipomoea pes-caprae ssp. brasiliensis, Ischaemum murinum, Ixora amplifolia, Ixora samoensis, Ixora samoensis var. montana, Jasminum didymum, Jasminum parviflorum, Jasminum simplicifolium, Joinvillea bryanii, Kleinhovia hospita, Laportea interrupta, Lastreopsis davallioides, Lastreopsis pacifica, Lemmaphyllum accedens, Lemna aequinoctialis, Leptopteris wilkesiana, Lepturus repens, Leucas decemdentata, Leucostegia pallida, Leucosyke corymbulosa, Limnophila fragrans, Lindsaea ensifolia, Lindsaea pickeringii, Lindsaea propinqua, Lindsaea pulchra, Lindsaea tenuifolia, Lindsaea tetragona, Liparis condylobulbon, Liparis gibbosa, Liparis layardii, Liparis phyllocardia, Litsea samoensis, Lomariopsis brackenridgei, Loxogramme parksii, Luisia tristis, Lycianthes vitiensis, Lycopodiella cernua, Lycopodium venustulum, Macaranga grayana, Macaranga harveyana, Macaranga sp., Macaranga stipulosa, Machaerina falcata, Macropiper puberulum, Macropiper timothianum, Maesa nemoralis, Maesa samoana, Maesa tongensis, Mammea glauca, Mapania macrocephala ssp. longifolia, Maytenus vitiensis, Medusanthera ovalifolia, Medusanthera samoensis, Melastoma denticulatum, Melicope albiflora, Melicope boweriana, Melicope retusa, Melicope sulcata, Melicytus samoensis, Melochia aristata, Melochia odorata, Memecylon sp., Merremia peltata, Meryta capitata, Meryta macrophylla, Meryta malietoa, Meryta mauluulu, Metrosideros collina, Metrosideros gregoryi, Metroxylon paulcoxii, Microlepia nudisora, Microlepia speluncae, Micromelum minutum, Microsorum commutatum, Microsorum grossum, Microsorum membranifolium, Microsorum powellii, Microtatorchis samoensis, Miscanthus floridulus, Moerenhoutia heteromorpha, Monogramma paradoxa, Morinda citrifolia, Morinda myrtifolia, Mucuna glabra, Mussaenda raiateensis, Myristica fatua, Myristica hypargyrea, Myristica inutilis, Myrsine longipes, Myrsine myricifolia, Myrsine samoensis, Neonauclea forsteri, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Nephrolepis hirsutula, Nertera depressa, Nervilia aragoana, Nervilia grandiflora (ex), Oberonia bifida, Oberonia equitans, Oberonia heliophila, Ochrosia oppositifolia, Oldenlandia biflora, Oleandra neriiformis, Oleandra sibbaldii, Operculina turpethum, Ophioglossum nudicaule, Ophioglossum pendulum, Ophioglossum reticulatum, Oreogrammitis christophersenii, Oreogrammitis hookeri, Oreogrammitis whitmeei, Pachypleuria pectinata, Pachypleuria repens, Palaquium stehlinii, Pandanus tectorius, Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum vaginatum, Passiflora aurantia, Pemphis acidula, Peperomia biformis, Peperomia blanda var. floribunda, Peperomia christophersenii, Peperomia pallida, Peperomia rechingerae, Peperomia samoensis, Peristylus tradescantifolius, Peristylus whistleri, Phaius flavus, Phaius tankervilleae, Phaius terrestris, Phaleria acuminata, Phaleria disperma, Phreatia matthewsii, Phreatia micrantha, Phreatia minima, Phreatia paleata, Phyllanthus virgatus, Piper graeffei, Piper vaupelii, Pipturus argenteus var. lanosus, Pipturus samoensis, Pipturus viridis, Pisonia grandis, Pisonia umbellifera, Pittosporum samoense, Planchonella garberi, Planchonella torricellensis, Polyphlebium endlicherianum, Polyscias reineckei, Polystichum aculeatum, Polystichum aculeatum var. samoensis, Pomatocalpa vaupelii, Pometia pinnata, Portulaca lutea, Premna serratifolia, Pristiglottis longiflora, Procris pedunculata, Prosaptia alata, Prosaptia contigua, Pseuderia ramosa, Psilotum complanatum, Psilotum nudum, Psychotria apodantha, Psychotria bristolii, Psychotria christophersenii, Psychotria closterocarpa, Psychotria forsteriana, Psychotria gigantopus, Psychotria grandistipulata, Psychotria insularum, Psychotria juddii, Psychotria leiophylla, Psychotria oncocarpa, Psychotria pacifica, Psychotria reineckei, Psychotria samoana, Psychotria savaiiensis, Psychotria sclerocarpa, Psychotria vaupelii, Psychotria xanthochlora, Pteris comans, Pteris ensiformis, Pteris mertensioides, Pteris pacifica, Pteris tripartita, Pteris vaupelii, Pteris wallichiana var. samoensis, Ptisana smithii, Pycreaus polystachyos, Pyrrosia lanceolata, Radiogrammitis graminella, Reynoldsia grayana, Reynoldsia plseiosperma, Rhaphidophora spuria, Rhizophora mangle, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhus taitensis, Rhynchospora corymbosa, Rhynchospora grandifolia, Rourea minor, Saccoloma inaequale, Sapindus saponaria, Sarcopygme intermedia, Sarcopygme multinervis, Sarcopygme pacifica, Sarcopygme ramosa, Scaevola nubigena, Scaevola taccada, Schefflera samoensis, Schizostachyum glaucifolium, Schoenorchis micrantha, Scirpodendron ghaeri, Scleria lithosperma, Scleria polycarpa, Scleria scrobiculata, Scleroglossum sulcatum, Selaginella hochreutineri, Selaginella laxa, Selaginella reineckei, Selaginella whitmeei, Selliguea feeioides, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Sida samoensis, Solanum americanum, Solanum viride, Solfia samoensis, Spathoglottis plicata, Sphaeropteris lunulata, Sphaeropteris medullaris, Sphaeropteris samoensis, Sphaeropteris subsessilis, Sphaeropteris truncata, Sphaeropteris vaupelii, Sphaeropteris whitmeei, Sphenomeris chinensis, Spiraeanthemum samoense, Spiranthes sinensis, Spondias dulcis, Stephania japonica var. timoriensis, Sterculia fanaiho, Sticherus oceanicus, Streblus anthropophagorum, Strongylodon lucidus, Suriana maritima, Syzygium amicorum, Syzygium brevifolium, Syzygium clusiifolium, Syzygium corynocarpum, Syzygium curvistylum, Syzygium effusum, Syzygium inophylloides, Syzygium neurocalyx, Syzygium patentinerve, Syzygium samoense, Syzygium savaiiense, Tabernaemontana pandacaqui, Tacca leontopetaloides, Taeniophyllum fasciola, Taeniophyllum savaiiense, Tarenna sambucina, Tectaria decurrens, Tectaria setchellii, Tectaria stearnsii, Tephrosia purpurea, Teratophyllum wilkesianum, Terminalia catappa, Terminalia richii, Terminalia samoensis, Thelasis carinata, Thelypteris pubirachis, Themelium tenuisectum, Thespesia populnea, Thrixspermum graeffei, Timonius affinis var. samoensis, Timonius polygamus, Trema discolor, Trichomanes bimarginatum, Trichomanes vaupelii, Trichospermum richii, Trimenia weinmanniifolia, Triumfetta procumbens, Tropidia effusa, Tylophora samoensis, Vaccinium whitmeei, Vandenboschia maximum, Vigna adenantha, Vigna marina, Vitex trifolia, Vrydagzynea samoana, Vrydagzynea vitiensis, Weinmannia affinis, Weinmannia samoensis, Wikstroemia coriacea, Wollastonia biflora, Ximenia americana, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Xylosma samoense, Zehneria grayana, Zehneria samoensis, Zeuxine plantaginea, Zeuxine stenophylla, Zeuxine vieillardii |
| References: - Carl Christensen; A. H. G. Alston: A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa. Bishop Mus. Bull. 177. 1943 - W. Arthur Whistler: Vegetation of the Montane Region of Savai'i, Western Samoa. Pacific Science 32:79-94. 1978 - Phillip Cribb; W. Arthur Whistler: Orchids of Samoa. Kew Publishing, 1996 |