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 left:ISS002-701-263 Image courtesy of the Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center. http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov Tutuila Tutuila is 135 kmē and the largest island of American Samoa. The highest point is the ca. 650 m high top of the Mt. Matafao. Offshore Tutuila's southest coast lies Aunu'u Island (in the picture right), where relatively intact mangrove stands can be found. |
 left:Tutuila's north coast, looking from Mt. Alava Trail above the Fagasa Bay. Foto: Angela K. Keppler http://www.pbif.org |
| Flora of Tutuila (incomplete) (fat = endemic, green = pictures) Abrodictyum dentatum, Abrus precatorius, Acrostichum aureum, Adiantum philippense, Aglaia samoensis, Aidia racemosa, Allophylus timoriensis, Alphitonia zizyphoides, Alstonia costata, Alyxia bracteolosa, Alyxia stellata, Anacolosa insularis, Angiopteris evecta, Angiopteris opaca, Antidesma excavatum, Antrophyum plantagineum, Antrophyum reticulatum, Appendicula bracteosa, Arachniodes aristata, Aristolochia cortinanta, Arthropteris repens, Arytera brackenridgei, Arytera samoensis, Asplenium amboinense, Asplenium australasicum, Asplenium caudatum, Asplenium cuneatum, Asplenium excisum, Asplenium laserpitiifolium, Asplenium nidus, Asplenium polyodon, Asplenium tenerum, Asplenium unilaterale, Astronidium navigatorum, Astronidium pickeringii, Astronidium samoense, Baccaurea taitensis, Barringtonia asiatica, Barringtonia samoensis, Bischofia javanica, Blechnum chambersii, Blechnum orientale, Blechnum vulcanicum, Boehmeria virgata, Boerhavia acutifolia, Boerhavia albiflora, Boerhavia repens, Bolbitis lonchophora, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Buchanania merrillii, Bulbophyllum atrorubens, Bulbophyllum distichobulbum, Bulbophyllum ebulbe, Bulbophyllum longiscapum, Bulbophyllum membranaceum, Bulbophyllum pachyanthum, Bulbophyllum samoanum, Caesalpinia major, Calanthe hololeuca, Calanthe triplicata, Callistopteris apiifolia, Calochlaena straminea, Calophyllum inophyllum, Calophyllum neo-ebudicum, Calycosia sessilis, Canarium vitiense, Canavalia cathartica, Canavalia rosea, Canthium merrillii, Casearia sp., Cassytha filiformis, Cenchrus calyculatus (ex), Centella asiatica (?), Centotheca lappacea (?), Cephalomanes boryanum, Cerbera manghas, Chamaesyce fosbergii, Chariessa samoensis, Chionanthus vitiensis, Chrysopogon aciculatus (?), Citronella samoensis, Clerodendrum inerme, Cocos nucifera, Coelogyne lycastoides, Colubrina asiatica, Cordia aspera, Cordia subcordata, Crepidium reineckeanum, Crepidium resupinatum, Crepidium samoense, Crepidomanes assimilis, Crepidomanes bipunctatum, Crepidomanes humile, Crepidomanes intermedium, Crepidomanes saxifragoides, Crossostylis biflora, Ctenitis samoensis, Ctenopterella blechnoides, Ctenopterella lepida, Ctenopterella seemannii, Cyathea decurrens, Cyclophyllum barbatum, Cyclosorus attenuatus, Cyclosorus bryanii, Cyclosorus dentatus, Cyclosorus glandulifera, Cyclosorus harveyi, Cyclosorus heterocarpus, Cyclosorus interruptus, Cyclosorus pacifica, Cyclosorus parasitica, Cyclosorus reineckei, Cyclosorus rodigasianus, Cyclosorus subjuncta, Cyclosorus transversarius, Cyclosorus unitus, Cymbopogon refractus, Cyperus cyperinus, Cyperus cyperoides, Cyperus javanicus, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus seemannianus, Cyperus stoloniferus, Cypholophus macrocephalus var. mollis, Cyrtandra angustivenosa, Cyrtandra beckmannii, Cyrtandra geminata, Cyrtandra longipedunculata, Cyrtandra pulchella, Cyrtandra samoensis, Cyrtandra sp., Davallia denticulata var. elata, Davallia solida, Decaisnina forsteriana, Decaspermum fruticosum, Dendrobium biflorum, Dendrobium calcaratum, Dendrobium catillare, Dendrobium dactylodes, Dendrobium goldfinchii, Dendrobium lepidochilum, Dendrobium samoense, Dendrobium sladei, Dendrocnide harveyi, Dendrolobium umbellatum, Dennstaedtia flaccida, Deparia petersenii ssp. congrua, Derris trifoliata, Dicksonia brackenridgei, Dicranopteris linearis, Didymoglossum tahitense, Didymoplexis micradenia, Digitaria setigera, Dioclea wilsonii, Diospyros elliptica, Diospyros samoensis, Diplazium bulbiferum, Diplazium dilatatum, Diplazium harpeodes, Diplazium petiolare, Diplazium proliferum, Diplocaulobium fililobum, Dipteris conjugata, Dryopteris dissecta, Drypetes vitiensis, Dysoxylum huntii, Dysoxylum maota, Dysoxylum samoense, Elaeocarpus tonganus, Elaeocarpus ulianus, Elaphoglossum feejeense, Elaphoglossum samoense, Elatostema grandifolium, Elatostema radicans, Elatostema samoense, Elatostema scabriusculum, Elatostema tutuilense (ex), Elattostachys apetala, Eleocharis dulcis, Embelia vaupelii, Entada phaseoloides, Epipremnum pinnatum, Eria robusta, Erythrina fusca, Erythrina variegata, Erythrodes purpurascens, Erythrospermum acuminatisimum, Etlingera ceviuga, Eugenia reinwardtiana, Euphorbia reineckei, Eurya japonica var. ?, Eurya pickeringii, Fagraea berteroana, Faradaya amicorum, Ficus godeffroyi, Ficus obliqua, Ficus prolixa, Ficus scabra, Ficus tinctoria, Ficus uniauriculata, Fimbristylis cymosa, Fimbristylis cymosa ssp. umbellatocapitata, Fimbristylis dichotoma, Flacourtia rukam, Flagellaria gigantea, Flickingeria comata, Flueggea flexuosa, Freycinetia reineckei, Freycinetia samoensis, Freycinetia storckii, Garcinia myrtifolia, Gardenia taitensis, Garuga floribunda, Geniostoma rupestre, Geophila repens, Glochidion cuspidatum, Glochidion ramiflorum var. samoanum, Glomera montana, Goniophlebium subauriculatum, Gossypium hirsutum var. taitensis, Grammitis samoensis, Grewia crenata, Guettarda speciosa, Guioa rhoifolia, Gynochtodes epiphytica, Habenaria monogyne (ex), Halophila minor, Halophila ovalis, Haplopteris elongata, Haplopteris rigida var. samoensis, Haplopteris scolopendrina, Hedycarya denticulata, Heliconia laufao, Heliotropium foertherianum, Hernandia moerenhoutiana ssp. samoensis, Hernandia nymphaeifolia, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Histiopteris incisa, Homalanthus nutans, Homalium whitmeeanum, Hoya australis ssp. tenuipes, Hoya chlorantha var. tutuilensis, Hoya filiformis, Hoya pottsii, Hoya samoensis, Hoya x tuafanua, Hoya vitiensis, Hoya whistleri, Huperzia carinata, Huperzia phlegmaria, Huperzia squarrosa, Hymenophyllum digitatum, Hymenophyllum dilatatum, Hymenophyllum imbricatum, Hymenophyllum polyanthos, Hymenophyllum praetervisum, Hypolepis aspidioides, Hypolepis elegans, Hypolepis tenuifolia, Imperata conferta, Inocarpus fagifer, Intsia bijuga, Ipomoea littoralis, Ipomoea macrantha, Ipomoea pes-caprae ssp. brasiliensis, Ischaemum murinum, Ischaemum stokesii, Ixora samoensis, Jasminum betchei, Jasminum didymum, Kleinhovia hospita, Laportea interrupta, Lastreopsis davallioides, Lastreopsis velutina, Lemmaphyllum accedens, Lepturus repens, Leucosyke corymbulosa, Limnophila fragrans, Lindernia crustacea, Lindsaea ensifolia, Lindsaea ensifolia ssp. agatii, Lindsaea harveyi, Lindsaea propinqua, Lindsaea pulchra, Lindsaea tenuifolia, Lindsaea tetragona, Liparis alavensis, Liparis caespitosa (ex), Liparis condylobulbon, Liparis gibbosa, Litsea samoensis, Lomagramma cordipinna, Lomariopsis brackenridgei, Luisia tristis, Lycopodiella cernua, Macaranga harveyana, Macaranga stipulosa, Machaerina falcata, Macropiper puberulum, Macrothelypteris polypodioides, Macrothelypteris torresiana, Maesa samoana, Maesa tabacifolia, Mammea glauca, Manilkara dissecta, Maoutia australis, Mapania macrocephala, Mapania macrocephala ssp. longifolia, Maytenus vitiensis, Medinilla samoensis, Mediocalcar paradoxum, Medusanthera samoensis, Melastoma denticulatum, Melicope latifolia, Melicope richii, Melicope vatiana, Melochia aristata, Merremia peltata, Meryta macrophylla, Metrosideros collina, Microlepia scaberula, Microlepia speluncae, Micromelum minutum, Microsorum commutatum, Microsorum grossum, Microsorum membranifolium, Miscanthus floridulus, Moerenhoutia heteromorpha, Monogramma paradoxa, Morinda citrifolia, Morinda myrtifolia, Mucuna gigantea, Mussaenda raiateensis, Myristica fatua, Myristica hypargyrea, Myristica inutilis, Myrsine myricifolia, Myrsine samoensis, Neonauclea forsteri, Nephrolepis biserrata, Nephrolepis hirsutula, Nervilia aragoana, Oberonia equitans, Oberonia heliophila, Oldenlandia biflora, Oleandra neriiformis, Operculina turpethum, Ophioglossum pendulum, Ophioglossum reticulatum, Oplismenus hirtellus (?), Pachypleuria pectinata, Pachypleuria repens, Palaquium stehlinii, Pandanus tectorius, Paramapania parvibractea, Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum vaginatum, Peperomia blanda var. floribunda, Peperomia lonchophylloides, Peperomia pallida, Peperomia tutuilana, Peristylus tradescantifolius, Phaius terrestris, Phaleria acuminata, Phaleria disperma, Phaleria glabra, Phreatia matthewsii, Phreatia micrantha, Phreatia paleata, Phyllanthus virgatus, Piper graeffei, Pipturus argenteus var. lanosus, Pisonia grandis, Pisonia umbellifera, Planchonella garberi, Planchonella grayana, Planchonella torricellensis, Pleocnemia cumingiana, Pleocnemia irregularis, Pleocnemia leuzeana, Polyphlebium endlicherianum, Polyscias reineckei, Polyscias samoensis, Pometia pinnata, Pongamia pinnata, Portulaca lutea, Premna serratifolia, Procris pedunculata, Prosaptia alata, Prosaptia contigua, Pseuderia ramosa, Psilotum complanatum, Psychotria forsteriana, Psychotria insularum, Pteris comans, Pteris ensiformis, Pteris littoralis, Pteris pacifica, Pteris tripartita, Pteris vaupelii, Ptisana smithii, Pyrrosia lanceolata, Rhapidophora spuria, Rhizophora mangle, Rhopalophora vitiensis, Rhus taitensis, Rhynchospora corymbosa, Rourea minor, Saccoloma inaequale, Sapindus saponaria, Sarcopygme mayorii, Sarcopygme pacifica, Scaevola taccada, Schizaea dichotoma, Scirpodendron ghaeri, Scleria lithosperma, Scleria polycarpa, Scleria scrobiculata, Selaginella christii, Selaginella laxa, Selaginella reineckei, Selaginella whitmeei, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Solanum americanum, Solanum viride, Sophora tomentosa, Spathoglottis plicata, Sphaeropteris lunulata, Sphaeropteris truncata, Sphaeropteris vaupelii, Sphenomeris chinensis, Spiraeathemum samoense, Stenotaphrum micranthum, Sterculia fanaiho, Stereosandra javanica, Syzygium brevifolium, Syzygium carolinense, Syzygium clusiifolium, Syzygium dealbatum, Syzygium effusum, Syzygium inophylloides, Syzygium neurocalyx, Syzygium samoense, Syzygium savaiiense, Tabernaemontana pandacaqui, Tacca leontopetaloides, Taeniophyllum fasciola, Taeniophyllum whistleri, Tarenna sambucina, Tectaria decurrens, Tectaria setchellii, Tectaria stearnsii, Terminalia catappa, Terminalia litoralis, Terminalia richii, Terminalia samoensis, Thespesia populnea, Thrixspermum graeffei, Thuarea involuta, Trema discolor, Trichomanes bimarginatum, Trichospermum richii, Triumfetta procumbens, Vandenboschia maximum, Vigna adenantha, Vigna marina, Vitex trifolia, Vrydagzynea vitiensis, Weinmannia samoensis, Wikstroemia coricea, Wollastonia biflora, Ximenia americana, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Zehneria mucronata, Zehneria samoensis, Zeuxine stenophylla |
| References: - Carl Christensen; A. H. G. Alston: A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa. Bishop Mus. Bull. 177. 1943 - Phillip Cribb; W. Arthur Whistler: Orchids of Samoa. Kew Publishing, 1996 |